Bottom Quark Structure

Third-Generation Down-Type Quark | Mass: 4.18 GeV/c² | Charge: -1/3 e

Structure: Core + Multi-Layer Cages + hDP

Mass from Triple-Layer Cage Architecture

The bottom quark's mass (4.18 GeV) comes from three nested geometric cages creating extensive PSR chaining. The innermost tetrahedral cage is surrounded by an icosahedral cage, which is enclosed by a dodecahedral cage. This triple-layer architecture with 36 total cage eDP pairs generates approximately 900x more mass than the down quark's bare structure.

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Measurements

Central Charge Point
-qCP
Base Charge
-1
Effective Charge
-1/3 e
Spin eDP Motion
Helical (ZBW)
hDP Motion
Linear (vibration)
Cage 1 (inner)
Tetrahedral (4v)
Cage 2 (middle)
Icosahedral (12v)
Cage 3 (outer)
Dodecahedral (20v)
Total Cage eDPs
36 pairs
Mass
4.18 GeV/c²
Spin
1/2 h-bar

Triple-Layer Cage Structure

hDP Linear Motion

Down-Type Generations