Down Quark Structure

First-Generation Down-Type | Mass: ~4.7 MeV/c² | Charge: -1/3 e

Mirror Structure: The down quark mirrors the up quark but with inverted polarity - a central -qCP with NO cage layers, just a polarized qDP cloud (positive poles inward) and an orbiting emDP system providing 1/2 ℏ spin through ZBW motion. Slightly heavier than up due to inverted binding.

Down vs Up: Mirror Partners

Central Charge: Down (-qCP) vs Up (+qCP)

Cloud Polarity: Down (+ inward) vs Up (- inward)

Mass: Down (4.7 MeV) vs Up (2.2 MeV) - inverted polarity creates stronger binding

Animation Speed: 1.0×

Camera Rotation: 0.3×

Zoom: 1.0×

Trail Length: 100

3D Structure View

Cross-Section

emDP Spin (ZBW)

Real-Time Measurements

INNER +emCP RADIUS

0.500

OUTER -emCP RADIUS

0.500

INNER ANGLE

0.00°

OUTER ANGLE

0.00°

ANGULAR MOMENTUM

0.5 ℏ

BETA DECAY

Stable

Beta Decay Mechanism

Process: d → u + e⁻ + ν̄ₑ (down → up + electron + electron antineutrino)

Neutron Decay: Free neutrons (udd) decay to protons (uud) with lifetime ~880 seconds

Mechanism: Central charge flips from -qCP to +qCP, cloud polarity reverses, electron and antineutrino emitted